SPRINGFIELD — A Chicago federal judge could soon force the state to expedite certain Medicaid payments, despite lawmakers’ continued inability to approve a budget.The state comptroller’s office is already struggling to make other court-mandated payments each month. But if U.S. District Judge Joan H. Lefkow decides Comptroller Susana Mendoza should prioritize payments to a specific group of managed care organizations, a precarious cash flow situation could force her to choose some court-mandated spending …