When the Civil War began with the Battle of Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861, the U.S. Supreme Court consisted of seven justices, with a “pro-Southern majority.” Two vacancies existed due to the deaths of Justices Peter Vivian Daniel and John McLean on May 31, 1860, and April 4, 1861, respectively.On April 30, 1861, the court’s membership fell to six when John Archibald Campbell, the second Supreme Court justice from Alabama, resigned. This column focuses on Campbell.Early life and careerCampbell was born in …